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There are three main types of T cell. T helper (CD4+), T killer (CD8+) and T memory. The CD4+/8+ are complex proteins on the surface of each respective T cell that they use in their function. T helper cel...

The phospholipid bilayer is the main component of the plasma membrane. Phospolipids consist of two parts with different properties. One part is often referred to as 'head' or 'water-loving', which is hydr...

After the filtrate in the nephron undergoes Selective Reabsorption in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule, it then travels to the Loop of Henle. The Loop of Henle is a ‘U’ shaped structure found in the Medulla...

Receptors in the skin send messages to the hypothalamus in the brain which then sends nerve impulses to effectors around the body. Examples of effectors include sweat glands, blood vessels and muscles. Th...

First the chromosomes condense and the centrioles form and spindles project from them. This is the prophase. The nuclear membrane breaks down and the spindle attaches to the chromosome. Then the chromosom...