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Respiratory surfaces must be thin (such as in alveoli which have walls that are 1 cell thick) to create a small diffusion distance for the gases to be exchanged through. They must also have a large surfac...
Atrazine prevents photophosphorylation from occurring because when plastoquinone is disabled H+ ions cannot be pumped into the thylakoid space therefore their will be a reduced proton motive for...
There are 3 main environmental influences; water, light and gravity. The effect of water is known as hydrotropism. This can be positive (the plant grows towards the stimulus in this case ...
A receptor detects a stimulus and generates electrical signals which are conducted by the neurones in the reflex arc. Firstly, the sensory neurone conducts the signal to the spinal cord. There is then a s...
The human circulatory system has dual / double system which means that it has higher blood pressure and a greater flow of blood to the tissues. The heart is made of specialised (cardiac) muscle cells whic...
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