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• The resting potential of the axon membrane is around -70mV, where it is more negative on the outside of the axon than the inside.

• A stimulation causes Na+ (sodium ions) channel...

The heart is divided into four chambers: the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle [insert diagram]. The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs. The left side of the hear...

To answer this question we first need to understand what the function of a nerve cell, or neurone, is. Neurons need to be able to rapidly transmit electrical impulses along their length. They also need to...

Example: absorption of sodium ions (Na+) and glucose by cells lining the ileum (a part of the small intestine)  1. Na+ actively transported into the blood from epithelial cells, by...

Firstly, during protein synthesis, the DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, which then can move out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. This is where translation occurs, where the mRNA is read and ...