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Gratuitous evil is evil that cannot be explained by any theodicy, the "fawn in the fire" case is supposed to be such a case. The fawn's suffering cannot be explained by the Free Will theodicy as...

Plato's Theory of Forms is an epistemological response to the nature of reality. This means Plato attempts to answer the question 'what is true reality?'. The idea is that every object in the world we see...

It is important to remember that when writing essays in exams, the examiner is interested in the way in which you engage with the question and not merely the content of the course. What is so exciting abo...

The teachings of the Roman Catholic church are opposed to artificial contraception. In 1969, in Humanae Vitae, Pope Paul VI reaffirmed the traditional Natural Law stance of the church. He argued that the ...

Descartes here is describing the inability to prove anything else but for the fact that he is thinking about proving his own existence. He states that all our physical senses, such as our visual, can be t...